[ relationship between personality traits and marital satisfaction based on five factors model of personality: a systematic review]

Background and Aim: Marital satisfaction is a psychological variable and considered as an individual characteristic for couples. Various factors affect marital satisfaction. Personality traits are among the most important factors affecting marital satisfaction. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits and marital satisfaction based on five factors model of personality

Materials and Methods: In this study, we searched all Iranian and non-Iranian articles published between 2005 and 2016 in both Persian and English languages in the Sciencedirect, Web of Sience, Pubmed, SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, Irandoc databases. To find relevant articles, we used the key words of "marital satisfaction", "personality characteristics", "personality factors", "five factor model of personality", willingness to accept responsibility, agreeableness, extroversion, neuroticism, openness and combination of them

Results: We found 6508 articles. The findings of the articles indicated significant negative correlation between neuroticism and marital satisfaction. But willingness to accept responsibility, extroversion, agreeableness and openness traits had positive correlation with marital satisfaction

Conclusion: Based on the results of the articles used in our study, neuroticism can affect the marital satisfaction negatively. Determination of different aspects of personality traits in the pre-marriage programs is necessary to increase the stability of marriage and family

effect of prangos ferulacea vaginal cream on accelerating the recovery of bacterial vaginosis: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Background: The present study was conducted on the effect of prangos ferulacea vaginal cream on accelerating the recovery of bacterial vaginosis

Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 non-pregnant women referring to health centers affiliated to Lorestan University of Medical Sciences in 2016 with the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis based on the patient's complaints, Amsel's clinical criteria, and the Nugent microscopic criteria. The women were randomly divided into two groups of 50. One group was treated with oral metronidazole plus Prangos ferulacea vaginal cream and the other with oral metronidazole plus a placebo vaginal cream for seven days. The patient's complaints, Amsel's clinical criteria and the Nugent microscopic criteria were assessed seven days after treatment. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 20, with a significance level of 0.05

Results: The response to oral metronidazole plus Prangos ferulacea vaginal cream treatment was 94% according to Amsel's clinical criteria and 88% according to the Nugent microscopic criteria. The response to oral metronidazole plus placebo vaginal cream treatment was 94% according to Amsel's criteria and 86% according to the Nugent criteria. The analysis of the patients' complaints, Amsel's clinical criteria and the Nugent microscopic criteria showed significant differences in each group before and after the treatment

Conclusion: This trial showed that Prangos ferulacea vaginal cream accelerated the recovery of bacterial vaginosis of patients with bacterial vaginosis. It can be used effectively as a complementary treatment with oral metronidazole in cases of medication resistance and also in people wishing to use herbal remedies

Comparison of sexual dysfunction in women using depo-Medroxyprogesteron Acetate [DMPA] and cyclofem

Sexual affairs are one of the physiological needs affecting human health. Sexual functioning disorders can reduce individual's capabilities and creativities. Sexual relations are in the center of women's quality of life. The most important family planning is to prevent unintended pregnancies. Injectable contraceptives protect women exposed to many complications and mortality due to unintended pregnancies, with tolerable effects on other aspects of women's life. An important aspect of women's life is sexual health. This study aimed to compare sexual function of women using DMPA with women using Cyclofem presented to health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran in 2013. This descriptive-comparative study was conducted on 240 women in health centers in Tehran, Iran. They were selected by multistage sampling. The data was collected using a questionnaire completed by interviewing. The questionnaire had 2I parts, demographic characteristic section and Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent T-test, U-test, Chi-square, Fisher exact test. The p-value less than 0.05 were applied for all statistical tests as significance level. The difference in sexual function between Cyclofem and DMPA groups was insignificant, but in terms of sexual desire in DMPA users better than and sexual pain them less than in Cyclofem users, the difference between the groups was significant [p<0.05]. In introducing hormonal contraceptive methods, health workers should emphasize their adverse effects on sexual function. Women who use Cyclofem and DMPA should be aware that they may experience some changes in libido and sexual pain

Comparative assessment of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL] and cystatin C as early biomarkers for early detection of renal failure in patients with hypertension

Hypertension is one the most common causes of chronic kidney disease [CKD]. One of the major concerns in hypertensive patients is early detection of renal disorders. In the past, serum creatinine [Scr] concentration was used as a marker of kidney function, but it proffers a late reflection of reduced glomerular filtration rate. Cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL] have been recently proven to be useful for quantification of CKD. Therefore, we compared the diagnostic value of NGAL with cystatin C and creatinine to evaluate kidney function in hypertensive patients. In this study, 42 hypertensive patients and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited. Serum cystatin C [Scys C] and plasma NGAL were measured using ELISA method. Creatinine, urea, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein were measured according to the routine methods. Estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] was considered as the gold standard method [cut-off value of < 78 ml/min/1.73 m[2]. In the patient group, plasma NGAL, cystatin C, and creatinine were all significantly correlated with eGFR, and plasma NGAL correlated best with eGFR. Receiver-operating characteristics analysis indicated that plasma NGAL was a better indicator than creatinine and cystatin C for predicting a GFR < 78 ml/min/1.73 m[2]. The sensitivity and specificity for NGAL were 96% and 100%, for cystatin C were 92% and 60% and for creatinine were 76% and 47%, respectively. Plasma NGAL demonstrated a higher diagnostic value to detect kidney impairment in the early stages of CKD as compared to Scys C and Scr in hypertensive patients

Assessment of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL] as an early biomarker for detection of renal impairment in hypertensive patients

Chronic kidney disease [CKD] is probably the most important problem of public health in advanced countries. Kidneys are often damaged as a result of high blood pressure. One of our main concerns in patients with hypertension is early detection of kidney disorders. The routine biomarkers such as creatinine have some limitation for this purpose, however recent studies suggest plasma NGAL to be a better marker. Therefor in this study we assessed the diagnostic value of plasma NGAL and compared it with serum creatinine in hypertensive patients. This study was performed on 42 hypertensive patients and 30 healthy Volunteer, both with normal serum creatinine and urea concentration who referred to Shohada Tajrish Hospital, plasma NGAL were measured subsequently using ELISA method and eGFR was considered as the gold standard method[cut off value of<78ml.min.1.73m[2]]. mean NGAL level was significantly higher in patients in comparison to control group. The sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 100% respectively for plasma NGAL[>/=32.2 ng/ml] compared with 76% and 47% for serum creatinine [>0.97 mg/dl]. Our findings indicate that NGAL is a better indicator of kidney impairment in the early stages of CKD as compared with serum creatinine in hypertensive patients

Evaluation of some factors affecting the risk of kidney damage in patients with hypertension

Chronic kidney disease [CKD] is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prospective data on risk factors for CKD are few. Hypertension is one of the risk factors for CKD. In the past serum creatinine concentration was used as marker of kidney function but it proffers a late reflection of reduced glomerular filtration rate[GFR], which limits its ability to detect impaired kidney function. Cystatin C and NGAL have recently been proven useful to quantitate CKD. Therefore in this study, we assessed the effect of some risk factors on reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] in patients with high blood pressure. This study was performed on 42 hypertensive patients and 30 healthy volunteers, both with normal serum creatinine and urea concentration. In this study, we measured serum cystatin C and Plasma NGAL. Serum creatinine and urea levels of the patients were measured after an overnight fasting. . Estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] was considered as the gold standard method .Serum cystatin C and plasma NGAL were measured using commercially available human ELISA kits. Logistic regression and T-test were used for statistical analysis. The results of logistic regression showed that among the variables studied, plasma levels of NGAL, age and duration of hypertension were significantly associated with the eGFR<78[P<0.05]. Our findings suggest that, increased levels of NGAL, age and duration of hypertension predicts a higher odds of impaired renal function

[Estimation of median effective dose of anti spasmodic medicine in adaptive design by combining the models]

Estimation of target dose with high precision is a key goal in pharmaceutical studies that achieving this goal depends greatly on an efficient design. One of these adequate designs is adaptive design. The median effective dose is an important dose that is criterion for assessment the power of a medicine. The purpose of this study was estimation of the median effective dose of anti spasmodic medicine in adaptive design and comparison the precision of the estimation with conventional parallel design. Seventy guinea pigs were divided into seven groups [n=10] and each group was studied for one dose. One of the adaptive designs that uses frequently in pharmaceutical studies is up-and-down design. In this design, the number of samples in each dose was determined. Then for estimation of median effective dose, we used a method of the combination of dose-response logistic, dose-response log-linear, linear and Emax models and R software was used for data analysis. In parallel design, number of samples in each dose was 10, but in adaptive design, number of samples in 10 [-3] and 10[-4] doses was 21 and other doses were 7. MSE in parallel design was 59 and in adaptive design were 21. Estimation of median effective dose in dose-response logistic was 8 x 10[-5], in dose-response log-linear 8 x 10[-6], in Emax 8 x 10[-7] and in linear model was 5 x 10[-6]. Using combination of the four models in adaptive design, median effective dose was estimated 12 x 10[-5]. In addition to flexibility of adaptive design that concentrates the allocation of observations near the target dose, it seems this design is more efficient than parallel dosing in medicinal studies